John Dalton (1766-1844)
Known as the “father of meteorology”, Dalton is an English chemist known best for his contributions to atomic theory. After studying elements such as carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen, Dalton claimed that atoms of different elements are different in size and mass, forming the foundation of his atomic theory of matter. He is also known for Dalton’s law of partial pressures, which states that the total pressure of a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases.